Mollica, R., Lyoo, I.K., Chernoff, M., Bui, H., Lavelle ,J., Yoon, S., Kim, J.,  Renshaw, P. (2009) Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2009; 66(11):1221-1232.

Traumatic Head Injury is a common form of torture and occurs frequently in survivors of mass violence. This study of South Vietnamese ex–political detainees who had been incarcerated in Vietnamese reeducation camps and resettled in the United States disclosed significant mental health problems associated with torture and traumatic head injury.